Topic: George Gemistos Plethon

George Gemistos Plethon, a Byzantine philosopher who influenced the Italian Renaissance, developed a theology that placed Saturn in charge of the Chthonic deities ruling the planet. This specific interpretation of Hellenistic theology reinforced the primacy of Saturn in the elite worldview. This transition from ancient tradition to the pre-modern world explains why Saturnian themes remain prevalent in modern power structures.

The concept of the demiurge shifted from a light-filled creator in early Platonic thought to a dark, ignorant entity in later Gnostic cosmologies. 15th-century philosopher George Gemistos Plethon influenced the Renaissance worldview by categorizing deities into celestial and chthonic orders. Under this system, the chthonic deities ruled by Saturn are seen as the primary governors of the material world, cementing the primacy of Saturn in elite theology.