14:15 Very well said and exactly as you just mentioned, your book does cover a lot of ground but you do say the key fraud in all this in plain language is that as genetically engineered agriculture was being developed the memos and warnings of FDA employed scientists in the lab were suppressed by their superiors who lied and said these foods were different in no significant way. And i really want people to understand that point can you elaborate on some of the evidence for that maybe came through in those documents that were disclosed. Sure no i mentioned that was the key fraud and it was because as i mentioned earlier in this chat,
15:00 It was in may of nineteen ninety two that the US food and drug administration basically got the job on all the other major regulatory agencies in other countries and became really the first major, to my knowledge the first major governmental food regulatory agency to take a public position on genetically engineered foods. And they declared that there was basically an overwhelming consensus within the scientific community that genetic engineering
15:38 is essentially as safe as traditional breeding techniques in creating new varieties of foods. Basically, at least it's safe if not safer than just pollen-based reproduction through naturally available sexual pathways which is the way farmers have been producing new varieties for millennia just letting it happen through pollen and natural reproduction. They said even that, the genetic engineering is essentially no different and at least as safe They also stated that the agency was not aware of any information showing that foods produced through genetic engineering techniques differ in any uniform or meaningful way from other foods. Now, that was an outright lie because as you've mentioned on discovery
16:33 Early on in the lawsuit, the FDA was compelled to hand over all of their internal files relative to their policy on genetically engineered foods. And I think in the future I'll just be often referring them as GMOs it's shorthand but I mean by that when I say GMOs and the context this broadcast I mean genetically engineered or genetically modified foods so But that was actually a major lie because I found in going through the files, as you mentioned it was over 40 thousand pages.
17:12 There were many memos from the FDA's own experts whom the FDA had asked to actually review the issue, and they did review it. And they actually thought that the FDA wanted them to function as responsible scientists which they did. Being responsible scientists, they could recognize that there are significant differences between producing foods through conventional means and producing them through recombinant DNA techniques or genetic engineering. And they cautioned, they issued many cautions. They explained how the genetic engineering process is not as precise and predictable as its proponents claimed. They stated there was a risk of unintended side effects any time that technique was used to produce new food
18:05 and explained how food-bearing organisms are complicated, that their DNA can be disrupted. That there were several different ways in which deleterious side effects could be created and that in total in the holistic viewpoint, the risks were going to be not only different but greater and that the foods needed to be tested carefully because especially there could be risk of unintended new toxins, new toxic poisonous substances
18:41 that were generated within that plant, that had never been even in that species before. It might have never even been seen on the face of the earth before so it would be very difficult for them to be detected through superficial inspections. That there would need to be rigorous testing of the whole food and to make sure it was actually safe And they also stated that in addition to novel toxins, there could be novel allergens as well. And again the allergenic potential of these foods would be very difficult to assess. In fact the FDA's own biotechnology manager stated that very clearly in a letter to a Canadian health official either September or October 1991. That the allergenic potential would be hard
19:37 He also acknowledged that at that point, there was not a consensus about safety in the sides of the community. Clear consensus that even outside of the FDA, there was not a scientific consensus and he knew full well that within the FDA to the extent that there was a consensus it was at these foods entail unique risks In fact, that was the consensus of the FDA scientists that were on the biotechnology task force carefully studying the issue So, so strong. So pervasive was that consensus within the FDA that an FDA biotechnology... I'm sorry, an FDA compliance officer whose job it was to review all of the data, all of the memos wrote in a very strong memo to the Biotechnology Coordinator in January of 1992
20:32 that the processes of genetic engineering and traditional breeding are different, and according to the technical experts in the agency they lead to different risks. A very strong statement But what happened a few months later, the FDA's administrators decision-makers came out with that policy statement stating that they were not aware of any information showing that genetically engineered foods differed in any uniform or meaningful way. Now, I think we could all agree that memos from your own scientists count as information and that the statement the FDA made counts as disinformation. So it also again...the claim that these foods were generally recognized to safe within the scientific community again was a fraudulent claim because they knew that again
21:29 what I've said shows the overwhelming consensus within the FDA's own scientific staff was these foods are different and they entail unique risks, greater risk. And the FDA's own biotechnology coordinator had acknowledged there was not a consensus about safety in the scientific community. So really, a major double lie was told there but the FDA got away with it And nobody knew really the extent to which that was a lie until we were able to get our hands on the FDA's internal files.